CHAPTER-1, CONT’D ‘STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM BY JAVED ASHRAF- 1970’
CHAPTER-1, CONT’D ‘STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM BY JAVED ASHRAF- 1970’
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The growing needs of those seeking information are increasing the intricacy of the task of those indexing the information, due to the so-called “literature explosion”. Fortunately, however, the present day computer devices which permit quick and prompt information storage and retrieval, offer great encouragement to those who are looking into the problems of selective retrieval of non-numeric information.
The most challenging and difficult problem in this area of research is the optimization of the data structure possible on the available hardware. In particular we refer to problems arising from a study of the potential of direct access storage and retrieval techniques and from a study of the design of the structure which depends on such factors as the following (Vickery, 1967; and Warheit, 1967);
(i) storage availability and utility.
(ii) user retrieval needs.
(iii) file maintenance.
The purpose of the data structure is to enable the system to deal as efficiently as possible with the expected user requests. Flexibility of the structure must permit the manipulation of data items in response to queries of a simple, Boolean, linear, hierarchical or statistical nature Freeman and Atherton, 1567; Chien and Preparata, 1967; Rolling and Piette, 1967); however, the flexibility is limited due to automatic indexing. For efficient retrieval purposes a document must be indexed by s set of selected keywords (Vickery, 1967). Although selection of these keywords is in no way less important for affective documentation and adequate retrieval, in our case interest is confined to the systems requirement of an appropriate data structure.
Our approach to the problem of determining an efficient data structure is to carry out an empirical study of a pilot system. Such s pilot project can also be used to study various other aspects of a larger retrieval system. We can, look into the feasibility of such a bigger system including a study of the theoretical expectations, the practical difficulties and limitations, and, over all, the effective ways of dealing end improving the system, i.e. the statistical study of pilot system could enable us to anticipate the storage needs, retrieval efficiency and cost of a ouch bigger system.
Much work has been carried out in the past on these problems. Higgins and Smith (1970) have proposed some schemes for the maximum utilization of disc storage with the minimum number of disc accesses; they also proposed a method for computerized selection of keywords for interactive document retrieval in on earlier paper (Higgins and Smith, 1969}. Martin (1967) has described the applications of probability and queuing theory to a study of storage space and reference times on a random access file. Rolling and Piette (1567), Freeman and Atherton (1967), Chain and Preparata (1967), Bloch end Ofer (1967), and Moureau and Lasvergers 1967) have dismissed aspects of documentation, various types of search requests, design criteria and the economic feasibility of the computerized storage of data.
Our own work was based, on a file of more than 260 books which has been set out on the disc at Queen’s University by Higgins and Smith (1969). Our system evaluation will produce statistics for a group of documents (i.e. Books) randomly taken from the field of Computer Science. It is possible to estimate distribution parameters of parts of the disc file from these statistics with an acceptable degree of confidence. These parameters can be used to estimate the storage and retrieval requirements of a bigger system.
Before discussing the work done evaluating the system a brief description of the pilot scheme will be given, based on a more detailed report given by Higgins (1970).
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